TOEFL iBT® Test Writing Score Calculation: Marking Criteria, Score Interpretation
"Worried about your TOEFL writing score? Unsure how it's calculated? This comprehensive guide explains marking criteria, score interpretation, and more!"
Mastering the TOEFL iBT® is a crucial milestone for international students pursuing academic endeavours overseas. Despite its challenges, the writing component can be effectively tackled with the correct strategies.
This blog aims to elucidate the calculation process of your TOEFL writing iBT score, providing insights into the marking criteria and the score descriptors used by the raters.
Marking Criteria for TOEFL Writing Score
The TOEFL writing section is scored on a scale of 0-30. Your writing is scored based on two tasks, and each task is scored on a scale of 0-5 by two independent readers. These scores are then averaged to give you a raw score between 0 and 10. This raw score is then converted into a scaled score between 0 and 30. Here’s a quick overview of what the raters look for in TOEFL Writing:
Task Type |
Integrated Writing Task |
Writing Academic Discussion Task |
Direction |
Write a response after reading a passage and listening to a recording of a lecture. |
Write a short opinion in response to an academic discussion in a class. |
Quality of Response |
How well you integrate and relate information from the reading and listening materials. |
Relevance and depth of your argument. |
Language Used |
Accuracy and range of grammar and vocabulary. |
Grammar, vocabulary, and spelling accuracy. |
Word Count |
150-225 words |
100+ words |
Time |
20 minutes |
10 minutes |
Check out - What is a Good TOEFL iBT® Writing Score in 2024?
Score Descriptors for TOEFL Writing Tasks
Before delving into the specifics of TOEFL Writing tasks, let's explore the score descriptors that delineate the criteria for evaluating your performance. Understanding these descriptors is crucial for achieving success in the writing section of the TOEFL exam.
Level |
Score |
CEFR Level |
Description |
Advanced |
24–30 |
C1 |
Test takers achieving scores within this range exhibit a high level of proficiency in writing. They can confidently and clearly articulate their thoughts on a wide array of academic and non-academic topics. Their writing is characterised by clear organisation, well-developed arguments supported by appropriate details and explanations, and a rich vocabulary and grammatical repertoire. Note: Test takers scoring 29-30 may perform at CEFR Level C2. |
High-Intermediate |
17–23 |
B2 |
Test takers at the High-Intermediate demonstrate competence in writing on general or familiar topics. While they can convey most of the main ideas effectively, their writing may lack completeness or clarity, especially when tackling complex or academic concepts. Though grammatical errors and lapses in cohesion may occasionally impede the flow of their writing, they exhibit a reasonable level of proficiency. |
Low-Intermediate |
13–16 |
B1 |
Test takers at this level can produce simple written texts on general or familiar topics. However, their writing may suffer from limited development of ideas, inadequate details, and inaccuracies in summarising source information. Language errors and deficiencies in organisation may also hinder comprehension in some areas. |
Basic |
7–12 |
A2 |
Those scoring in this range are able to convey very basic information in written English. Their writing generally lacks depth and detail, with grammatical errors, unclear expressions, and poor sentence structure posing challenges to comprehension. |
Below Basic |
0-6 |
— |
Test takers scoring below 7 have not yet demonstrated proficiency even at the Basic level. Their writing is extremely limited, with significant deficiencies in organisation, coherence, and language accuracy. |
Marking Rubric of TOEFL Academic Discussion Writing Task
Your TOEFL Academic Discussion writing score indicates:
Score |
Rubric Notes |
5 |
Relevant and well-elaborated explanations, exemplifications, and/or details |
Addresses the topic excellently with details and examples |
|
Written logically |
|
Strong language skills with no grammatical mistakes |
|
4 |
Well addresses the topic but may lack full elaboration |
Well-structured content flow |
|
Noticeable grammatical mistakes that do not interfere with meaning |
|
Good vocabulary and language use |
|
3 |
Somewhat addresses the topic |
Considerable use of examples and details |
|
Occasional unrelated sentences |
|
Inconsistent writing |
|
Standard vocabulary with accurate sentences |
|
2 |
Not well-connected to the question |
Lacks enough examples and details |
|
Unclear idea of the topic |
|
Contains some sentence errors |
|
Poor word choice |
|
Many general sentences |
|
1 |
No connection to the prompt |
Irrelevant details |
|
Poor content organisation |
|
Multiple grammatical errors |
|
Inaccurate or unjustified examples |
|
Limited vocabulary |
|
0 |
Not written or just copied sentences from the prompt |
Incorrect sentence usage |
|
No relation to the prompt |
Want to achieve your desired writing score on the TOEFL?
Check out our expert-curated TOEFL writing practice tests.
Marking Rubric of TOEFL Integrated Writing Task
While both Integrated and Independent Writing tasks in the TOEFL are scored on a 0-5 scale, they use different criteria. Here's a breakdown of the TOEFL Integrated Writing rubric:
Score |
Rubric Notes |
5 (Excellent) |
Successful selection of the most crucial information from the passage and audio clip |
Well-organised and coherent essay structure |
|
Information presented accurately, with minimal grammatical errors, and logically |
|
4 (Good) |
Considerable amount of important information from the passage and audio clip included |
Minor inaccuracies and vagueness in the essay content |
|
Occasional lack of clarity in certain parts |
|
3 (Average) |
Topics from the passage generally connected with information from the audio clip |
Does not cover all the key points |
|
Contains grammatically inaccurate and incomplete sentences |
|
2 (Poor) |
Includes some relevant information from the passage and clip |
Marked by significant errors and misinterpretations |
|
Multiple spelling errors and Language level below standard, topic misinterpreted |
|
1 (Very Poor) |
Usage of extremely low-level language |
Contains very little meaningful information |
|
0 (Incomplete) |
Not an essay, just a copied sentence from the passage with severe grammatical mistakes |
Understanding the TOEFL writing score calculation is just the first step. By familiarising yourself with the marking criteria and practicing diligently, you'll be well on your way to achieving a stellar writing score and unlocking your academic dreams abroad. So, what are you waiting for? Start practicing today!
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